The International AI Safety Report for 2025 by the AI Safety Summit is a comprehensive scientific analysis of the risks and safety measures related to advanced AI, with a particular focus on general-purpose AI. It was authored by 96 international AI experts and overseen by Prof Yoshua Bengio, with contributions from governments, institutions, and organisations across 30 countries, the UN, EU and OECD. The report aims to provide a scientific foundation for AI policy discussions without recommending specific policies. It builds on an interim report from May 2024 and updates AI advancements up to December 2024.
The report finds that AI capabilities have rapidly increased, with autonomous AI agents and enhanced scientific reasoning emerging. It identifies risks such as malicious use (e.g., cybercrime, deepfakes, and biosecurity threats), malfunctions (e.g., bias, misinformation, and reliability issues), and systemic risks (e.g., labour market disruption, environmental impact, and AI monopolies). Risk management techniques are developing but remain limited, requiring further research and international coordination.
AI capabilities may continue to improve rapidly, with breakthroughs in inference scaling (enhanced computational processing). The report states that AI companies and governments must address AI safety concerns while balancing innovation and regulation. Open-weight models (AI systems with publicly available code) pose opportunities for transparency, but also security risks. AI safety needs international cooperation and shared regulatory frameworks. Policymakers must navigate the "evidence dilemma" - balancing proactive risk mitigation with uncertain AI developments. AI development is also increasingly concentrated in a few countries, potentially widening global inequalities.
The report will inform further AI discussions at the AI Action Summit in Paris, February 2025.
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